Asthma
Introduction
Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that causes inflammation and narrowness of the airways, making it difficult to breathe. It is characterized by episodes of wheezing, cough, chest tightness and shortness of breath. These symptoms are often triggered by allergies, exercise, cold air or infection. Asthma can affect individuals of all ages and vary in seriousness from light to life. Although there is no permanent treatment, asthma can be managed effectively with proper treatment and lifestyle adjustment.
Types of asthma
Allergic asthma
Tiger from allergies such as pollen, dust particles, pet danders, or mold. It is often associated with other allergic conditions such as grass fever or eczema.
Non-allergic (internal) asthma
Allergies are not related and can be triggered by irritability such as stress, infection, cold air, exercise or smoke or perfume.
Exercise asthma (EIA)
Symptoms such as wheezing and shortness of breath occur during or later during physical activity. It is common in athletes and active individuals.
Vocational asthma
Due to irritability or exposure to allergies in the workplace, such as chemicals, dust or industrial smoke.
Causes of asthma
- Genetic causes increase the risk of development of asthma in individuals.
- Dusty particles, pollen, or pet -like allergies.
- Respiratory infections during childhood can affect lung development.
- In contact with air pollution and smoking or chemical smoke.
- Professional risk to dust, gases or industrial chemicals.
- Physical exercise, especially in cold or dry air conditions.
- Sudden changes in cold air or temperature triggers airways reactions.
- Emotional stress or anxiety leading to changes in breathing patterns.
- Some drugs such as aspirin or beta-blockers in sensitive individuals
- Gastroosophageal reflux disease (GERD) causes irritation and inflammation of the airway.
Clinical features of Asthma:
Wheezing
Listening to a high-picked whistle while breathing, especially while exhaling.
Breathing difficulty
Difficulty in breathing, often deteriorates during physical activity or at night.
Cough
Constant or recurrent cough, usually worse at night or morning.
Chest tightness
Sensation of chest pressure or heaviness during asthma case.
Difficulty in sleeping
At night, cough, wheezing, or to breath, hinders sleep.
Symptoms associated with Asthma
- When breathing, especially exhalation or wheezing of sound during activity.
- Constant cough, often worse at night or morning.
- Exercise or shortness of breath during sudden change in weather.
- Felt chest tightness or pressure during difficulties in breathing.
- Fatigue due to disrupted sleep and poor oxygen intake.
- Breathing fast even during mild physical exertion or stress.
- Difficulty talking during severe asthma erupting or attack.
- Constant respiratory infections that spoil the symptoms of existing asthma.
Investigations in Asthma
- The doctor assesses symptoms, frequency, family history, and hears for voices of wheezing or other unusual lungs.
Measure the function of the lungs, in which the air is how much air and how quickly, helps to confirm the airflow barrier.
The daily asthma assesses the speed of exhalation using a peak flow meter for monitoring the control levels.
Confirming the reversible airways obstruction of asthma, improve the lung function after breathing the bronchodilator.
Inhalesing the metcholin involves inhaling the metcholin to check the airways sensitivity, if regular tests do not clearly confirm asthma.
IGE identifies symptoms that trigger specific allergies using skin prick or blood test for antibodies.
Helps control the conditions of other lungs such as infections or structural abnormalities mimicing asthma symptoms.
Measure the level of nitric oxide in the respiratory, which usually reflects inflammation of the airways seen in allergies asthma.
The inflammation and guide of the airways examine the mucus for eosinophils to assess the adjustment adjustment.